We are constantly improving and are sometimes given recommendations or direction on things we need to change to better meet the public’s expectations.
Our progress on various reform or improvement efforts is outlined below.
The Black Lives Matter movement that followed Minneapolis police killing George Floyd in May 2020 demonstrated that more focus is needed on the issues of racism and inequities within our city.
While we know that our officers and civilian employees strive everyday to treat people according to our values, we acknowledge that structural racism still exists in our Service.
In September of 2020, we committed to the Calgary Police Commission, City Council and the public that we would take 11 immediate steps to address issues of systemic racism.
In October 2018, the Law Enforcement Review Board released the Arkinstall Public Inquiry with 20 recommendations for reforming how we investigate misconduct allegations. The report was the result of a public inquiry into how we investigated a complaint regarding an arrest in 2008.
CPS should ensure fulsome training for all professional standards investigators and personnel in order to ensure high-quality, thorough investigation of complaints. This recommendation also applies to all police services that are subject to Part 5 of the Police Act.
CPS should develop, or improve, its policies for deciding when it is appropriate to initiate a Service Investigation, and to ensure that these decisions are properly documented, are made by appropriate personnel, and are subject to robust internal checks and balances to guard against poor decision-making.
CPS should ensure that the full nature and scope of a complaint is understood, clearly defined and investigated without missing the essence of a complainant’s allegations through early and meaningful consultation with the complainant.
CPS should review its policies and practices to ensure that all matters that qualify as complaints under the Police Act are treated as such, with formal complaint files being opened by PSS for every complaint, before any investigative steps or attempts at informal resolution are made.
CPS should undertake a thorough, expert review of its processes and practices for documenting all stages of complaints and for managing the resulting records (including clearly and thoroughly documenting all decisions along the way). The Professional Standards Section’s commanding officer should be responsible for ensuring that complete records are kept for all complaints.
CPS should cease its practice of conducting so-called “administrative reviews” of complaints and instead ensure that the Professional Standards Section conducts efficient and effective investigations of each complaint.
CPS policy should require any officer who becomes aware of adverse judicial findings about, or criticism of, the credibility of any officer’s sworn evidence, or about possible disciplinary misconduct or criminal actions by an officer, to report the matter immediately to the Professional Standard Section’s (PSS’) commanding officer. The commanding officer should be required to consider initiating a complaint. If PSS’ commanding officer decides not to initiate a complaint, she or he must be required to record written reasons for that decision in the file, with a copy of the court decision and PSS reasons being given to the Chief as soon as the decision is made.
CPS policy on responding to adverse judicial findings or criticism about possible disciplinary misconduct or criminal actions by an officer should require that the Chief be immediately advised of such findings or criticism, and that the Chief be required to consider without delay whether a notification of serious or sensitive matters under section 46.1 of the Police Act should be made to the Minister. The Chief should also be required to document the reasons for that decision.
CPS policy should be revised to eliminate gang membership as a ground for deciding that alleged misconduct is or is not of a serious nature.
Upon completion of the government’s stakeholder consultations, the Minister should consider appointing a retired judge to review Alberta’s police discipline framework, conduct consultations and expert research, and make recommendations on legislative amendments to modernize the framework.
The Board recommends that the Alberta Crown Prosecution Service adopt a policy on when and how individual Crown prosecutors should bring to the attention of police services any adverse findings or criticism by the courts of police officer testimony or conduct.
The provincial government should, in collaboration with police services and commissions, make readily available to the public comprehensive, easy to understand, informational and educational materials about complaints and the police disciplinary process.
A system for providing information, procedural assistance, legal advice and representation to complainants and appellants should be explored, developed as appropriate, and made readily accessible to complainants.
A province-wide protocol should be established to ensure consistent interpretation and application of clear and comprehensive criteria for timely notifications to the Minister by police chiefs under section 46.1. In addition, section 46.1(1)(b) should be amended to clarify that there need not be a “complaint” before a chief may make a notification under section 46.1.
The Police Act should be amended to require a police chief to notify the police commission and the director of law enforcement, in writing, when the complaint director’s recommendation to issue a section 46.1 notice is not followed, to give reasons for the decision not to notify, and, in a timely way, advise in writing how the concerns raised were in fact addressed.
The Police Act should be amended to clarify how sections 45(3) and (4) interact, to give clear guidance on which issues are to be decided first, and how they are to be decided. Short of this, a province-wide policy should be established to guide police services in a consistent interpretation and application of section 45(4).
Section 45(4.1) of the Police Act should be repealed, thereby restoring appeals to the Board, as a timely and efficient method of civilian oversight of chiefs’ decisions to dismiss complaints as not of a serious nature.
To ensure complaints are investigated fully and effectively, the Police Act should be amended to give police commissions’ public complaint directors the ability to: direct their police service to open complaint files, recommend the wording of allegations to be investigated, and to recommend that specific investigative steps be taken in a given case. The Police Act should also be amended to permit a public complaint director to recommend to the police chief when a section 46.1 notification should be made.
A meaningful effective and efficient alternate dispute resolution system should form part of any new model for police oversight in Alberta.
The recommended systemic review of Alberta’s police disciplinary framework could consider recommending a centralized disciplinary system, independent of police services and commissions, which may provide some or all of the following: complaint intake; complaint streaming; complaint investigation; alternate dispute resolution; complaint disposition; reporting of outcomes (including trends in the complaints and in police discipline overall); and recommendations for training and improvements to police services.
In late 2016, the Calgary Police Commission worked with us to develop a seven-point plan to help guide reforms aimed at improving our workplace culture.
On June 28, 2016, we presented a report to the Calgary Police Commission that provides an overview of the issues related to gender in the Service. It also outlined 17 recommendations to address the issues, the steps already taken, and future work to be done.
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